Arthroscopic surgery can be performed on many joints. Most people, however, think of the knee when they think of arthroscopy. We will discuss the knee, but there are many similarities when the surgery is performed on other joints.

The knee is made up of four bones, the femur, tibia, fibula and patella. While the bones around the knee support it and provide structure, the muscles, such as the quadriceps and the hamstring, help move the joint. Ligaments help to stabilize the joint. The knee also includes meniscal cartilage and busa to help lubricate the joint.

Knee related problems come in many forms. MENISCAL CARTILAGE tear is often caused by sudden twisting or continued squatting. A tear of this nature can produce pain and swelling. ARTICULAR CARTILAGE wear is the result of aging or injury. This condition is charachterized by pain, stiffness in the joint or grinding. A LIGAMENT TEAR is usually brought on by falling, twisting or banging the knee against another object. This injury can cause pain, swelling and total knee instability. A worn or off-center patella is caused by the rigors of age, overuse or a direct blow. This would result in pain and restricted movement.

A sore knee can be a minor, temporary problem or it can indicate a more serious injury. If the pain is acute, or continuous, an examination by an orthopedic surgeon is indicated.

The examination will include a complete history of the affected area followed by a physical exam. Often, x-rays or MRI studies are ordered. Other tests may be ordered to rule out other conditions.

After a diagnosis is made and the doctor has suggested surgery, the procedure can be done at the hopital or at the ambulatory surgical center. The surgery is usually a same day procedure. The procedure performed will depend on the diagnosis for each patient. The physician will discuss all the options with you prior to scheduling the procedure.

Following the procedure, your knee may be bandaged, elevation and ice packs will minimize swelling. You may be given pain medication.

Once discharged, you may find it advantageous to use crutches for several days. When resting in a chair, you should keep it elevated to decrease swelling. During the first two days, you should apply ice.

For a speedy recovery, you should try to resume work and your daily activities as soon as your doctor says you are ready. You will want to avoid vigorous exercise for up to six weeks.

As with any surgery, there are always risks associated with the procedure. You should discuss the procedure, risks and your concerns with your doctor before undergoing any surgical procedure.

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